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The Driver Update Tool – is a utility that contains more than 27 million official drivers for all hardware, including thunderbolt(tm) controller - 156c driver. This utility was recognized by many users all over the world as a modern, convenient alternative to manual updating of the drivers and also received a high rating from known computer. The Kanex Thunderbolt 2 Express Dock features a sleek and modern design with a space saving aluminum body. Plus, conveniently charge your iPhone, iPad or mobile device thanks to the easily accessible USB 3 port on the front. Top 3 Uses for PCI Express Switches. Ciufo, Editor-in-Chief, Embedded; Extension Media. There are four USB 2.0 host controller ports, a feature that essentially turns a single PCIe x1 lane CPU into a one that has two PCIe and four USB 2.0 ports. No USB 2.0 drivers or software are needed when the switch/bridge implements USB 2.0. Hardware developers with experience building PCIe drivers on Windows will find the Thunderbolt 3 additions to be an incremental change. Microsoft is working with Intel to identify the potential compatibility approaches for devices with Thunderbolt 1 & 2 and the Thunderbolt/Mini-DP connector (hubs, adapters, etc.). Feel free to express. Hello all, Does anyone know what USB chipset is being used by the Belkin Thunderbolt Express Dock? We ordered one to test for potential use by our MacBook Air & Retina Pro users, but the USB isn't recognized under Windows 7, and it doesn't come with Windows drivers.

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Intel's Thunderbolt 2: Everything You Need to Know. Connected to a board that distributes PCIe from that controller. Thunderbolt 2/Falcon Ridge still feed off of the same x4 PCIe 2.0 interface.

Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface developed by Intel (in collaboration with Apple) that allows the connection of external peripherals to a computer. Thunderbolt 1 and 2 use the same connector as Mini DisplayPort (MDP), whereas Thunderbolt 3 re-uses the USB-C connector from USB. It was initially developed and marketed under the name Light Peak, and first sold as part of a consumer product on 24 February 2011.^[1]

Thunderbolt combines PCI Express (PCIe) and DisplayPort (DP) into two serial signals,^[5][6] and additionally provides DC power, all in one cable. Up to six peripherals may be supported by one connector through various topologies.

• 2History
  • 2.1Introduction

Description[edit]

Thunderbolt controllers multiplex one or more individual data lanes from connected PCIe and DisplayPort devices for transmission via two duplex Thunderbolt lanes, then de-multiplex them for use by PCIe and DisplayPort devices on the other end.^[2] A single Thunderbolt port supports up to six Thunderbolt devices via hubs or daisy chains; as many of these as the host has DP sources may be Thunderbolt monitors.^[7]

A single Mini DisplayPort monitor or other device of any kind may be connected directly or at the very end of the chain. Thunderbolt is interoperable with DP-1.1a compatible devices. When connected to a DP-compatible device, the Thunderbolt port can provide a native DisplayPort signal with four lanes of output data at no more than 5.4 Gbit/s per Thunderbolt lane. When connected to a Thunderbolt device, the per-lane data rate becomes 10 Gbit/s and the four Thunderbolt lanes are configured as two duplex lanes, each 10 Gbit/s comprising one lane of input and one lane of output.^[2]

Thunderbolt can be implemented on PCIe graphics cards, which have access to DisplayPort data and PCIe connectivity, or on the motherboard of new computers with onboard video, such as the MacBook Air.^[7][8][9]

The interface was originally intended to run exclusively on an optical physical layer using components and flexible optical fiber cabling developed by Intel partners and at Intel's Silicon Photonics lab. It was initially marketed under the name Light Peak,^[10] and after 2011 as Silicon Photonics Link.^[11] However, it was discovered that conventional copper wiring could furnish the desired 10 Gbit/s per channel at lower cost.

This copper-based version of the Light Peak concept was co-developed by Apple and Intel. Apple registered Thunderbolt as a trademark, but later transferred the mark to Intel, which held overriding intellectual-property rights.^[12]

Thunderbolt was commercially introduced on Apple's 2011 MacBook Pro, using the same Apple-developed connector as Mini DisplayPort, which is electrically identical to DisplayPort, but uses a smaller, non-locking connector.

Sumitomo Electric Industries started selling up to 30-metre-long (100-foot) optical Thunderbolt cables in Japan in January, 2013,^[13] and Corning, Inc., began selling up to 60-metre-long (200-foot) optical cables in the U.S. in late September, 2013.^[14]

History[edit]

Introduction[edit]

Intel introduced Light Peak at the 2009 Intel Developer Forum (IDF), using a prototype Mac Pro logic board to run two 1080p video streams plus LAN and storage devices over a single 30-meter optical cable with modified USB ends.^[15] The system was driven by a prototype PCI Express card, with two optical buses powering four ports.^[16] Jason Ziller, head of Intel's Optical I/O Program Office showed the internal components of the technology under a microscope and the sending of data through an oscilloscope.^[17] The technology was described as having an initial speed of 10 Gbit/s over plastic optical cables, and promising a final speed of 100 Gbit/s.^[18] At the show, Intel said Light Peak-equipped systems would begin to appear in 2010, and posted to YouTube a video showing Light Peak-connected HD cameras, laptops, docking stations, and HD monitors.^[19]

On 4 May 2010, in Brussels, Intel demonstrated a laptop with a Light Peak connector, indicating that the technology had shrunk enough to fit inside such a device, and had the laptop send two simultaneous HD video streams down the connection, indicating that at least some fraction of the software/firmware stacks and protocols were functional. At the same demonstration, Intel officials said they expected hardware manufacturing to begin around the end of 2010.^[20]

In September 2010, some early commercial prototypes from manufacturers were demonstrated at Intel Developer Forum 2010.^[21]

Copper vs. optical[edit]

Though Thunderbolt was originally conceived as an optical technology, Intel switched to electrical connections to reduce costs and to supply up to 10 watts of power to connected devices.^[22]

In 2009, Intel officials said the company was 'working on bundling the optical fiber with copper wire so Light Peak can be used to power devices plugged into the PC'.^[23] In 2010, Intel said the original intent was 'to have one single connector technology' that would allow 'electrical USB 3.0 ... and piggyback on USB 3.0 or 4.0 DC power'.^[24] Light Peak aimed to make great strides in consumer-ready optical technology, by then having achieved '[connectors rated] for 7,000 insertions, which matches or exceeds other PC connections ... cables [that were tied] in multiple knots to make sure it didn't break and the loss is acceptable' and 'you can almost get two people pulling on it at once and it won't break the fibre'. They predicted that 'Light Peak cables will be no more expensive than HDMI'.^[25]

In January 2011, Intel's David Perlmutter told Computerworld that initial Thunderbolt implementations would be based on copper wires.^[24] 'The copper came out very good, surprisingly better than what we thought', he said.^[26] A major advantage of copper is the ability to carry power. The final Thunderbolt standard specifies 10 W DC on every port. See comparison section below.

Intel and industry partners are still developing optical Thunderbolt hardware and cables.^[27] The optical fiber cables are to run 'tens of meters' but will not supply power, at least not initially.^[8][28][29] The version from Corning contains four 80/125 µm VSDN^{[definition needed]} fibers to transport an infrared signal up to 190 metres (600 feet).^[30] The conversion of electrical signal to optical will be embedded into the cable itself, allowing the current MDP connector to be forward compatible, but eventually Intel hopes for a purely optical transceiver assembly embedded in the PC.^[29]

The first such optical Thunderbolt cable was introduced by Sumitomo Electric Industries in January 2013.^[31] It is available in lengths of 10 metres (30 feet), 20 metres (70 feet), and 30 metres (100 feet). However, those cables are retailed almost exclusively in Japan, and the price is 20 to 30 times higher than copper Thunderbolt cables.

German company DeLock also released optical Thunderbolt cables in lengths of 10 metres (30 feet), 20 metres (70 feet), and 30 metres (100 feet) in 2013, priced similarly to the Sumitomo ones, and retailed only in Germany.^[32]

In September 2013, US glass company Corning Inc. released the first range of optical Thunderbolt cables available in the Western marketplace outside Japan, along with optical USB 3.0 cables, both under the brand name 'Optical Cables'.^[14] Half the diameter of and 80% lighter than comparable copper Thunderbolt cables, they work with the 10 Gbit/s Thunderbolt protocol and the 20 Gbit/s Thunderbolt 2 protocol, and thus are able to work with all self-powered Thunderbolt devices (unlike copper cables, optical cables cannot provide power).^[14] The cables extend the current 30 metres (100 feet) maximum length offered by copper to a new maximum of 60 metres (200 feet), allowing peripheral Thunderbolt devices to be attached farther away from their host device(s).

As of January 2019 there are no optical Thunderbolt 3 cables on the market. However, optical Thunderbolt 1 and 2 cables can be used with Apple's Thunderbolt 3 (USB-C) to Thunderbolt 2 adapter's on each end of the cable, in order to achieve connections up to the 60 metres (200 feet) maximum offered by the previous generations of the standard.^[33] In April 2019, Corning showed an optical Thunderbolt 3 cable at the 2019 NAB Show in Las Vegas, with no release date yet announced.^[34]

Thunderbolt 1[edit]

CNET's Brooke Crothers said it was rumored that the early-2011 MacBook Pro update would include some sort of new data port, and he speculated it would be Light Peak (Thunderbolt).^[35] At the time, there were no details on the physical implementation, and mock-ups appeared showing a system similar to the earlier Intel demos using a combined USB/Light Peak port.^[36] Shortly before the release of the new machines, the USB Implementers Forum (USB-IF) announced they would not allow such a combination port, and that USB was not open to modification in that way.

Other implementations of the technology began in 2012, with desktop boards offering the interconnection now available.^[37]

Apple stated in February 2011 that the port was based on Mini DisplayPort, not USB. As the system was described, Intel's solution to the display connection problem became clear: Thunderbolt controllers multiplex data from existing DP systems with data from the PCIe port into a single cable. Older displays, using DP 1.1a or earlier, have to be located at the end of a Thunderbolt device chain, but native displays can be placed anywhere along the line.^[8] Thunderbolt devices can go anywhere on the chain. In that respect, Thunderbolt shares a relationship with the older ACCESS.bus system, which used the display connector to support a low-speed bus.

Apple states that up to six daisy-chained peripherals are supported per Thunderbolt port,^[38] and that the display should come at the end of the chain.^{[not in citation given]}

In February 2011, Apple introduced its new line of MacBook Pro notebook computers and announced that the technology's commercial name would be Thunderbolt, with MacBook Pros being the first machines to feature the new I/O technology.

In May 2011, Apple announced a new line of iMacs that include the Thunderbolt interface.^[39]

The Thunderbolt port on the new Macs is in the same location relative to other ports and maintains the same physical dimensions and pinout as the prior MDP connector. The main visible difference on Thunderbolt-equipped Macs is a Thunderbolt symbol next to the port.^[7]

The DisplayPort standard is partially compatible with Thunderbolt, as the two share Apple's physically compatible MDP connector. The Target Display mode on iMacs requires a Thunderbolt cable to accept a video-in signal from another Thunderbolt-capable computer.^[40] A DP monitor must be the last (or only) device in a chain of Thunderbolt devices.

Intel announced that a developer kit would be released in the second quarter of 2011,^[41] while manufacturers of hardware-development equipment have indicated they will add support for the testing and development of Thunderbolt devices.^[42] The developer kit is being provided only on request.^{[43][needs update]}

In July 2011, Sony released its Vaio Z21 line of notebook computers that had a 'Power Media Dock', using the optical iteration of Thunderbolt (Light Peak) to connect to an external graphics card using a combination port that behaves like USB electrically, but that also includes the optical interconnect required for Thunderbolt.^{[citation needed]}

Thunderbolt 2[edit]

In June 2013, Intel announced that the next generation of Thunderbolt, based on the controller code-named 'Falcon Ridge' (running at 20 Gbit/s), is officially named 'Thunderbolt 2' and entered production in 2013.^[44] The cables for maximum performance for cable lengths over 0.5 meters (1.5 feet). Compared to Thunderbolt 2, Intel's Thunderbolt 3 controller (codenamed Alpine Ridge, or the new Titan Ridge) doubles the bandwidth to 40 Gbit/s (5 GB/s), halves power consumption, and simultaneously drives two external 4K displays at 60 Hz (or a single external 4K display at 120 Hz, or a 5K display at 60 Hz when using Apple's implementation for the late-2016 MacBook Pros) instead of just the single display previous controllers can drive. The new controller supports PCIe 3.0 and other protocols, including DisplayPort 1.2 (allowing for 4K resolutions at 60 Hz).^[55] Thunderbolt 3 has limited power delivery capabilities on copper cables and no power delivery capability on optical cables. Using USB-C on copper cables, it can incorporate USB Power Delivery, allowing the ports to source or sink up to 100 watts of power. This eliminates the need for a separate power supply from some devices. Thunderbolt 3 allows backwards compatibility with the first two versions by the use of adapters or transitional cables.^[56][57][58]

Intel offers three varieties for each of the controllers:^[59]

• Double Port (DP) uses a PCIe 3.0 ×4 link to provide two Thunderbolt 3 ports (DSL6540, JHL6540, JHL7540)
• Single Port (SP) uses a PCIe 3.0 ×4 link to provide one Thunderbolt 3 port (DSL6340, JHL6340, JHL7340)
• Low Power (LP) uses a PCIe 3.0 ×2 link to provide one Thunderbolt 3 port (JHL6240).

This follows previous practice, where higher-end devices such as the second-generation Mac Pro, iMac, Retina MacBook Pro, and Mac Mini use two-port controllers; while lower-end, lower-power devices such as the MacBook Air use the one-port version.

Thunderbolt Express 2 Controller Driver Pc

Support was added to Intel's Skylake architecture chipsets, shipping during late 2015 into early 2016.^[56][57][58]

Devices with Thunderbolt 3 ports began shipping at the beginning of December 2015, including notebooks running Microsoft Windows (from Acer, Asus, Clevo, HP, Dell, Dell Alienware, Lenovo, MSI, Razer, and Sony), as well as motherboards (from Gigabyte Technology), and a 0.5 m Thunderbolt 3 passive USB-C cable (from Lintes Technology).^[60]

In October 2016, Apple announced the updated MacBook Pro which features two or four Thunderbolt 3 ports, depending on the model.^[61] In June 2017, Apple announced new iMac models that feature two Thunderbolt 3 ports, as well as the iMac Pro, which would feature four ports when released in December 2017.^[62]

On 8 January 2018, Intel announced a product refresh (codenamed Titan Ridge) which enhanced robustness and added support for DisplayPort 1.4. The new peripheral controller is now capable of acting as a USB sink (compatible with regular USB-C ports).^[63]

Intel offers a single port (JHL7340) and double port (JHL7540) version of this host controller and a peripheral controller supporting two Thunderbolt 3 ports (JHL7440).

Unlike Thunderbolt 1 and 2 cables which are available in longer lengths via optical cables, Thunderbolt 3 optical cables have yet to be released (see Copper vs. optical).

Royalty situation[edit]

On 24 May 2017, Intel announced that Thunderbolt 3 would become a royalty-free standard to OEMs and chip manufacturers in 2018, as part of an effort to boost the adoption of the protocol.^[64] The Thunderbolt 3 specification was later released to the USB-IF on 4 March 2019, making it royalty-free.^[65]

Peripheral devices[edit]

Apple released its first Thunderbolt-equipped computer in early 2011 with the MacBook Pro. The first Thunderbolt peripheral devices appeared in retail stores only in late 2011, with the relatively expensive Pegasus R4 (4-drive) and Pegasus R6 (6-drive) RAID enclosures by Promise Technology aimed at the prosumer and professional market, initially offering up to 12 TB of storage, later increased to 18 TB. Sales of these units were hurt by the 2011 floods in Thailand (who manufacture much of the world's supply of hard-drives) resulting in a cut to worldwide hard-drive production and a subsequent driving-up of storage costs, hence the retail price of these Promise units increased in response, contributing to a slower take-up of the devices.

It also took some time for other storage manufacturers to release products: most were smaller devices aimed at the professional market, and focused on speed rather than high capacity. Many storage devices were under 1 TB in size, with some featuring SSDs for faster external-data access rather than standard hard-drives.

Hp Thunderbolt Controller Driver

Other companies have offered interface products, allowing multiple older, usually slower, connections to be routed through a single Thunderbolt port. In July 2011, Apple released its Apple Thunderbolt Display, whose gigabit Ethernet and other older connector types made it the first hub of its type. Later, companies such as Belkin, CalDigit, Other World Computing, Matrox, StarTech, and Elgato have all released Thunderbolt docks.

As of late 2012, few other storage devices offering double-digit TB capacity had appeared. Exceptions included Sonnet Technologies' highly priced professional units, and Drobo's 4- and 5-drive enclosures, the latter featuring their own BeyondRAID proprietary>V182523EF0415 × 153.8Light RidgeQ4 201082523EFL043.2Light RidgeQ4 2010L251002?Eagle RidgeQ1 2011L23100208 × 901.85Eagle Ridge (SFF)Q1 2011L22100105 × 600.7Port RidgeQ4 2011Device onlyL3510H0412 × 123.4Cactus Ridge—cancelledL3510L042.8Cactus RidgeQ2 2012L3310022.1Cactus RidgeQ2 2012Host onlyL451004?Redwood Ridge2013L44100210 × 10?Redwood Ridge2013Host onlyV2L552004??Falcon RidgeQ3 2013Thunderbolt 2, 20 Gbit/s speed+DP 1.2L532002??Falcon RidgeQ3 2013Thunderbolt 2, 20 Gbit/s speed+DP 1.2V3L6540^[82]0210.7 × 10.72.2Alpine Ridge^[83]Q4 201540 Gbit/s speed, PCIe 3.0, HDMI 2.0 LSPCon (DP Protocol Converter),
DP 1.2, USB 3.1, 100 W power delivery (compatible with USB Power Delivery) @ 18V, 5.5 A^[84]L7340^[85]011.9Titan RidgeQ1 201840 Gbit/s speed, DP 1.4L7540^[86]022.4Titan RidgeQ1 201840 Gbit/s speed, DP 1.4L7440^[87]022.4Titan RidgeQ1 201840 Gbit/s speed, DP 1.4, optional USB-C port compatibility,
backwards compatibility when a TB3 docking station is connected to a non-TB3 computer

Intel Thunderbolt Controllers^[88]

See also[edit]

• DisplayPort / Mini DisplayPort
• IEEE 1394 (FireWire)

References[edit]

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88. ^Controller Table citations:
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    • Nilsson, LG. 'Thunderbolt roadmap unveiled, new features coming to Apple et al'. VR-Zone. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
    • Chen, Monica. 'Intel to release new Thunderbolt chip in 2Q13'. Digitimes. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
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    • 'New Intel® Thunderbolt™ 3 controllers offer DisplayPort 1.4, and basic peripheral compatibility with USB-C computer ports'.

External links[edit]

• Thunderbolt – official site
• Thunderbolt at Apple

I need a little help here,

I have attached my MacBook Air Mid 2013, to an Belkin Thunderbolt 2 Express Dock HD.On the product page it says that one can connect two monitors. The only condition is that one needs to be an Thunderbolt display. So far so good.

I attached one monitor with HDMI to the dock and another using the mini display port (which is compatible to Thunderbolt).
Unfortunately just the one with Mini-DP is working. If I disconnect the Mini-DP Monitor HDMI starts working.

Is there any advice why this is not working?

Thunderbolt Express 2 Controller Driver Windows 10

AND

Is there any option to make it work?

OSX 10.9.4 @ MacBook Air Mid 2013
Mini-DP Monitor: 2560x1080
HDMI-Monitor: 1920x1080

8 Answers

Thunderbolt Controller Driver

ref: EveryMac

*Although Apple only reports that this model can support a single external display up to 2560x1600, Intel reports that this model can simultaneously support two external displays up to 2560x1600 'daisy chained' via Thunderbolt.

From Belkin's page on the Thunderbolt™ 2 Express Dock HD …

'Note about dual displays: At least one display has to be Thunderbolt or Thunderbolt 2 technology-ready. For displays that are not Thunderbolt technology-ready, the Thunderbolt port is backwards compatible with Mini DisplayPort. The dock supports either HDMI or Mini DisplayPort, but not both. The dock supports only one display at 4K cinema resolution.'

I have the same issue and resolved it by plugging one display into the HDMI port of the Belkin Dock, and the 2nd monitor into the HDMI port on the MacBook Pro. I know it kind of defeats the purpose of a dock, but I now have 2 HDMI displays being driven by my MacBook Pro without the need of a Thunderbolt display.

I have a macbook air with one thunderbolt connection. I currently have 3 monitors hooked up to it (2 HDMI, and one DVI). how did I do it? I purchased a Diamond USB 3.0 Dual Head Display Adapter. My main monitor connects to the thunderbolt connection on the macbook air. The second and third monitors - to the diamond adapter. The second and third monitors have good quality display, although their display rate is too slow to stream movies on (they are fine for reading email, browsing the web, etc.). This was the best solution I have found so far without purchasing additional thunderbolt monitors.Very annoyed with Apple on this one, but it does work. However, I do need to often set my monitors to not be mirrored, and their order after rebooting. Not too difficult, but its the best solution I've seen.
Mind you, my windows PC works perfectly with multiple monitors. Windows did better than mac on this one...

You can get the second monitor to work if you have another thunderbolt device to pass the monitor through. In my case I connected an HDMI to displayport connector to a pegasus promise raid, and then connected the raid to the belking hub as well as a direct HDMI to the belkin hub, and I now have both monitors working.

You can only connect two or more displays to your mac when it is a thunderbolt display.

When you have an thunderbolt display and a non-thunderbolt display, your mac will automatically start working with the thunderbolt display until you unplug it.

So the final answer on this, supported by links in comments and answers above is that the documentation says clearly there are only two possible ways to achieve what you are looking for. Either you daisy chain thunderbolt displays (obviously doesn't work for you). Or an hdmi and a true Thunderbolt Display. The first of those two possibilities is spelled out. The second of them is inferred by a lack of anything explicitly saying that option isn't possible. That being said if you're plugging in hdmi and a true Thunderbolt Display and it isn't working then it would stand to reason there was a tiny oversight in the documentation and that also isn't a possibility.

Please believe me when I say that the Belkin Thunderbolt 2 Dock will not support two monitors if you have an older MacBook Pro. I have a 2011. One Thunderbolt port. It just does not have the capacity to drive two monitors. I have exhausted all options with it. Only one external monitor will work.I did however connect two monitors using the Dell D3100 USB Docking Station. I purchased this on-line directly from Dell. Arrived quickly. Simple setup. Works great with my MacBook! Actually allows for three monitors if required. My MacBook as one, plus two additional displays. Just had to download the correct video drivers from Displaylink. (http://www.displaylink.com/downloads)I am not a Dell fan or a Belkin hater. Just want to pass on what I experienced and what worked for me.

This worked for me - 'You can get the second monitor to work if you have another thunderbolt device to pass the monitor through. In my case I connected an HDMI to displayport connector to a pegasus promise raid, and then connected the raid to the belking hub as well as a direct HDMI to the belkin hub, and I now have both monitors working.'

I happened to have a second Belkin dock lying around so did the following

Belkin dock #1 - HDMI out to HDMI monitor in - all good- Thunderbolt out to Belkin Dock #2

Belkin dock #2- Thunderbolt out to Thunderbolt to VGA adapter to old Dell VGA monitor

I don't understand Belkin at all on this - I called tech support, completely useless, documentation is useless and unclear to be kind on this point . . .

PS Using a MacBook early 2014 running Sierra, driving 36 inch Sharp 1080p TV

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protected by AllanMay 14 '18 at 19:47

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